STANDARD COURSE OF STUDY
STANDARD COURSE OF STUDYEARLY GRADES K-2
Number and Operations
In the early grades students develop number sense, reading, writing, and counting with whole numbers. Whole numbers are represented using concrete, pictorial, and symbolic representations. Students recognize different representations for whole numbers and explain why those representations are equivalent. Whole numbers are compared and ordered and students use a variety of strategies to estimate quantities and understand place value. Students develop fluency with addition and subtraction using multiple strategies.
Measurement
Students in the early grades begin to understand the concepts of measurement by using a variety of materials. As they learn about different tools for measuring, they describe, estimate, and measure length and temperature using non-standard and standard units. Students use the calendar to follow the days of the week and months of the year. Clocks are used to explore and tell time at the five-minute intervals.
Geometry
Students learn the names and basic properties of simple geometric shapes. They learn how shapes can be cut or arranged to form new shapes. Students look for the shapes in the environment, and practice drawing and using the shapes. They learn the meaning of basic directional and positional relationships.
Data Analysis and Probability
Students are introduced to the process of statistical investigation. They collect data by counting, measuring, and conducting simple surveys and experiments. They organize, describe, and display data. Simple probability experiments are conducted and the results interpreted.
Algebra
Children in the early grades learn about patterns and describe objects by their attributes. They compare, sort, and order things by one or more characteristics. Their understanding is extended by finding and creating patterns, correcting errors in patterns, and translating patterns into different forms. Students gather data pertaining to interests, family, and other things around them. They begin to understand that a number is a symbol for how much of something there is and begin to explore the use of a variable or placeholder and write open sentences to express relationships. Students begin to use patterns as a problem-solving strategy.